Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in the construction industry for its fire-retardant properties, high tensile strength and durability. It was used in a variety of building materials such as roofing, insulation, flooring, and wall cladding until its use was banned in the UK in 1999 due to its harmful effects on human health.

When asbestos-containing materials are disturbed or damaged, microscopic fibers are released into the air, which when inhaled, can cause serious respiratory diseases such as lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis.