Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was commonly used in construction materials, such as insulation, flooring, ceiling tiles, and roofing, prior to being banned in the UK in 1999. Asbestos was popular due to its strength, fire resistance, and durability, but it is also highly toxic and linked to several respiratory diseases, including mesothelioma, lung cancer, and asbestosis.

Asbestos fibres can easily become airborne when materials containing asbestos are disturbed, such as during renovation, demolition, or maintenance activities. Inhaling these microscopic fibres can lead to serious health problems, as the fibres become embedded in the lungs and cause scarring and inflammation over time.