Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral with a fiber-like structure that makes it resistant to heat, fire, and chemical reactions. Due to these properties, it was commonly used as insulation, roofing, and other construction materials in the past. However, when asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) are disturbed or damaged, they release asbestos fibers into the air, which can be inhaled by individuals and cause various health issues.

Asbestos fibers are microscopic and can easily penetrate the lining of the lungs, causing inflammation and damage to the lung tissue. Over time, this can lead to the development of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and other diseases. The risk of asbestos-related diseases increases with prolonged exposure to asbestos fibers, and the symptoms may not appear until several years after the initial exposure.